Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in Cameroon play a crucial role in providing essential services to communities, especially in the areas of health, education, social development, and humanitarian aid. Given the increasing demand for NGOs, it is important to follow the correct legal procedures to ensure that your organization is properly registered and operates within the legal framework of Cameroon. This guide outlines the process of registering an NGO in Cameroon in a detailed, step-by-step manner.
1. Understanding the Legal Framework for NGOs in Cameroon
The registration and functioning of NGOs in Cameroon are regulated by Law No. 90/053 of 19 December 1990 on the freedom of association, which provides the legal framework for civil society organizations. Additionally, Decree No. 92/074 of 31 January 1992 and other related provisions set the administrative procedures for the registration of NGOs.
Before beginning the registration process, it’s essential to understand the distinction between NGOs and associations in Cameroon. While an association is any group formed to achieve a non-profit goal, an NGO is specifically formed to address social issues through advocacy, development programs, or humanitarian work.
2. Pre-Registration Preparations
a. Define the Purpose and Mission
Before registering your NGO, it is important to clearly define its purpose and mission. Your mission statement should outline the specific objectives your organization intends to achieve, such as alleviating poverty, improving health, providing education, or promoting human rights. This will help in drafting the organization’s constitution and in setting the direction for future operations.
b. Form a Founding Team
NGOs in Cameroon require a minimum of seven (7) founding members. These members must be Cameroonian citizens, though there can be exceptions allowing foreign nationals to participate as long as they are in compliance with Cameroon’s laws. These founding members will be responsible for managing the initial setup, drafting the constitution, and taking part in the official registration process
c. Draft a Constitution
The constitution is the foundational document of your NGO. It must clearly define the organization’s objectives, the rights and obligations of members, the management structure, and the rules governing the organization’s operations. In drafting the constitution, ensure that it aligns with the legal framework established by the government of Cameroon.
The constitution should contain the following elements:
• Name of the NGO.
• The objectives and goals of the organization.
• Membership criteria and rights.
• The governance structure (Board of Directors, President, Treasurer, Secretary, etc.).
• Financial management rules and regulations.
• Procedures for meetings, decision-making, and amendments to the constitution.
d. Choose the Name of Your NGO
The name of your NGO must be unique and not conflict with any existing entities. The name should reflect the mission and objectives of the organization. Once you have decided on a name, it is advisable to conduct a search with the Ministry of Territorial Administration and Decentralization (MINATD) or local authorities to ensure that it is available for registration.
3. Submitting the Registration Application
Once the preliminary steps are completed, you can proceed with the official registration process. The registration of an NGO in Cameroon involves submitting the required documents to the Ministry of Territorial Administration and Decentralization (MINATD).
a. Required Documents
The following documents must be submitted to the Ministry of Territorial Administration (MINATD) for registration:
1. Application Letter: A formal letter requesting registration of the NGO.
2. Constitution of the NGO: A copy of the organization’s constitution signed by the founding members.
3. Minutes of the Constitutive General Assembly: These minutes document the meeting where the NGO was created, the election of the first board members, and the adoption of the constitution.
4. List of Founding Members: A list with the names, addresses, and occupations of the founding members.
5. National Identity Cards: Copies of the national identity cards or passports of the founding members.
6. Proof of Address: This could be a lease agreement or utility bill showing the address of the NGO’s office.
7. Statement of Objectives: A document outlining the mission, goals, and programs of the NGO.
8. A Valid Bank Account: Some authorities may request that you show proof of having opened a bank account in the name of the NGO.
The documents should be submitted in two copies, one of which will be returned after registration.
b. Submission and Processing by MINATD
Once you have compiled all the necessary documents, submit them to the Ministry of Territorial Administration and Decentralization (MINATD). The submission can be done in person at the MINATD office or through other official channels, depending on local protocols. After submission, MINATD will verify the documents and process your registration.
The process usually takes between one to three months. During this time, the Ministry may contact you for additional information or clarifications. In some cases, they may conduct an inspection of the premises to ensure that it meets the legal requirements
c. Issuance of the Receipt of Registration
After the documents are reviewed and approved, the Ministry will issue a Receipt of Registration (or Receipt of Declaration) which confirms that your NGO is officially registered in Cameroon. This receipt is critical for the operation of your NGO and gives it legal recognition
4. Post-Registration Procedures
Once your NGO is registered, there are a few essential steps to complete to ensure that it can operate smoothly and comply with all regulations.
a. Obtain a Tax Identification Number (TIN)
To conduct financial transactions and receive donations, your NGO will need to obtain a Tax Identification Number (TIN) from the Cameroon Tax Administration. This number is essential for the organization’s financial transparency and for reporting any income received.
b. Open a Bank Account
It is also advisable to open a bank account in the name of the NGO. The account should be used exclusively for the organization’s financial transactions and to receive funds from donors or partners. A registered NGO in Cameroon will need this account for managing donations, grants, and other financial activities.
c. Register with the Ministry of Finance
Depending on the activities and nature of your NGO, you may need to register with the Ministry of Finance for compliance with the country’s financial regulations. This is particularly important if your NGO is engaged in activities that require significant funds or if it plans to operate across various regions.
d. Annual Reporting
NGOs in Cameroon are required to submit annual reports to the Ministry of Territorial Administration and Decentralization. These reports must include information about the organization’s financial situation, activities, and any changes in the governance structure. Failing to submit these reports can lead to sanctions, including the revocation of the NGO’s registration.
5. Key Considerations for Operating an NGO in Cameroon
• Governance and Management: Ensure that your NGO’s management is transparent and accountable. A well-structured leadership team with clear responsibilities will improve the effectiveness of your operations.
• Funding: NGOs in Cameroon often rely on grants and donations. It’s important to establish strong relationships with international and local donors and funding agencies.
• Compliance with Local Laws: Be aware of and comply with
If you need assistance to register your NGO in Cameroon, click here